a(t),A(t)a(t), A(t)a(t),A(t)
a(n)−a(n−1)a(n−1)\dfrac{a(n)-a(n-1)}{a(n-1)}a(n−1)a(n)−a(n−1)
1+it1 + it1+it
(1+i)t(1 + i)^t(1+i)t
i(m)i^{(m)}i(m)
δt\delta_{t}δt
PV(A)=PV(B)PV(A)=PV(B)PV(A)=PV(B)